Two-cycle explosive-engine.



Patented Oct. 14. 1913.

E. J. WOOLP.

u TWO-CYCLE BXPLOSIVE ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED 00T. 2a, 190s.

www.

isf-Nrrni) STATES PATENT onirica.

ELLIS J. WooLF, or MINNEAPOLIS'. MINNESQTA, A'ssrGNovrc 'Min w GEAR COMPANY, or MrNNnAPoms MrNNEso'rA.

Gone" VALVE A CORPORATION. F MINA esc-fr A TWO-CYCLE EXPLOSIVEENGINE.-

To 'awlmm it may concern,"

citizen of fthe United States, residing at. Minneapolis, inthe .county of Hennepin and State of., Minnesota, have; invented certa-in 'i new and 'useful Iinprerements in Two- Cycle :Explosive-Engines; and f I do hereby declare'the following to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe invention, such as Will enable others Skilled in the art to which itappertai sa1ne. My inrention'has for its object to provide van etlicient two-cycle explosive engine .of simple structure. -l

` v'llojtliis end, inyinvention consistQ of they novel devices and combinations of devices hereinafter ydescribed and pointed ontajn thev claims.

n's to make and use the' flfhe in'vention is illustrated in the ac'eoin- Vpan'yinzfg' drawings, Where-in like lnotations refer to like parts 'throughout t.li'e' severa'l. Views;

In said drawings, Figure l is a vertical :.25 central section through the engine vtaken crbsswyise. of the crank' shaft; with the pistonat its lowerniost limitof travel.` Fig. 2 is a sectional View through a portion of the cas-- ""ingan'd piston in the saine planeA asshown in Athe niain View Fig. l, but .with the piston 'and other parts controlled' therebyin 'the position which they-would occupy when 7`ythe transfer ports are wide open; and Fig. 35 a viewfsimilar t0 that vshown in Fig. 2, 3 but with the piston and the parts controlled thereby inv the position which they would "occupy when the transfer ports are closed and the intake port is Wide open.

` A -`base casting 1, intermediate or main 1.40 vlcasting 2 and a top casting 3 are rigidly-se.

Specification of Letters Ifatent. Application file. oeipber 2e, 190s. seriai No. 459462.

' cured together with vsuitable packed joints.

Thev castings l and '2 are of snchform that,

` when properly.'joineddogethen they sup.-

' port and inclose a' crankl'ehaft 4 and afford a crank shaft compression'chamber sur-a rounding the'sar'ne. In practice, the crank` shaft 4 would, of c'on-iseg` he provided With a suitable'Hy-whe'el; not shown.' The cast-f ings 2 and 3 are of the proper torn-11 to ico- .50v operate with each other to afford -thegcylin der in which the piston Sis mofitedto Work. The pistonf of trnnk-lekelform with a closed head which seParatestneeX p liiraa om. i i; 1 si b er 5 and-this, piston. (:has 'ita.;l1ollow;por tion or .trunk- 'opening-nlireotlylo thex'rank shaft compression.chairiherangl ierates therewith to afford a space ilito ihrclnthe explosive niixtureiis tiret-received and 'con'ijv .'pressed, to a certaintextents heforeibeing Vpassed 'through the tisansfer ports toitheg. explosion cylinder. The'gpiston 5 isl ,connected by a rod Sfto -theerankrfof the-.crankshaft 4, and this crank is;coanterhatanced inlfthg customary way. The castings 2 andX-Bare'so'formedethat when joined' togetl-iei' at.--rt-heirfparting flanges, they affordfbetween tihc,v two `sections 'of the-explosion cylinder ira/11stalnaexlraust port S) which .con'ipietely eneireles isad'icyl.- inder and leads to. a large-,eximu'st--zolaniher 1.0 forrned in the casting-Staffid provided with a nipple' 1.1 forA attaehiiirgv thefcnstomary exhauSt.pipe, notishown f l` his top :cash-j ing 3ds lalso oftheproper foifnrtola-Hord the customary" watergfjacke't spatie?4 Surroundingr the inner, and; to'p'walls'foiftheex: hanstcha'rnber 10. T hewtwo castingsand 3 vare of suchconstructiorifthat.:theyilaeet runite with male''and Yienmlejoints;Witli'ithe parts so arranged .that-the paa'ttinlfgt-lange 13 of the casting 2i is ,flooated'heloivtheflevel 0f the iexhalist portl 9;; for :a purpose which will later-a pear. The pistgn 3 has-'ineitssides ait-'raster1 port 14, Whic'lrisa complete? circle with the exception of--t-liebridgesherein. i The feasting 2 hasqat its' uppelijend.:portionga,transv fer por t 15 which ispalsoga eompletewircle with the exception iai the, bridges:.-.theei'n which support the adjacent innen .Vallioffth explosionl cylinder. -.-;Betweeir. thevpston vG and the inner wall ofthelexploioncylinder, is located' a ring vaflue l16 michi-controls; the said cooperating tra nsferf.port sy 14;- and 15; 'This ring valvelis'samouiited-nthat bea'rs tightly againstihef fad-jacent cylin- `lerwall and so thatlthev pistoni niillmoye through said rinoy valveito-raf1iinited;.d1se f'ta'nce, and then pick'upandoarryfthea'alre therewith during theremainderlofits traiiel yinihoth directions? "For this-fprp.QSB,iSald :rinfr valve 16 is'preferah'lysa splitif'ing which .Wil tightly hug the-eyiindenwallemlfe l-Sf 105 own` tension; anch assiioivn-said maine/1 6 is of ef-shape in crossfsectomW- itti th-.her1- plosion section or chamber '7 of the-cyiinff 55 dei' from the crank shaft compression chainzontal flange thereoffeixtendin working freely. in.f.;aneanrn1.anqreceasorv groove. 17 frmed 'in th :piston @5, iyitlg- 110 proper clearance for the required `free movementof the said'piston through the said valve. The parts 14, 16 and 17 are so pro-l portioned, relative to each other,that'the upper end of the valve 16 will seat against the upper wall of said po'rt 14 of the piston.

coincidently with the seating of the horizontal flange of said' valve against 'the u per' wall of the annular groove' orl recess 1 as show n in Fig. 1 of the drawings. Iii-the hollow vpiston (3' is .located a deflector 18 directly inward of the transfer port 14 and extending upward some distance toward the Y piston head;`

The parts so far described l'are substantially the ,sameas those disclosed in my pending application S. 412,772, tiled January 27th,|1908,with the exception of the location ofthe exhaust' chamber 10; and,

for the purposes of this case, it is not' deemed necessary to trance indetail the acwith the adjacent portion of the casing2.

to afford between the said parts va mixture chest or chamber 21 provided 'with a nipple j 22 adapted' to be tapped by a supply.. pipe fromy any suitable vaporizer. 'The limit of `the* travel of the sleeve or shell.19'with the piston 6 is determined by abutment shoulder s or ledges formed in or secured to the casing 2. As shown, the upper abutment `'shoulder 23 .is formed in the casting-itself.

The lower abutment is formed lby an annular ledge. 24 adapted to be driven'to its proper working position within the casing 2, .or' to be o-therwise secured theretoin' proper working position, in any suitable way. When the ledge 24 is thus located, it

underlies thelower end of the shell or sleeve 19 and becomes the lower stoporabutment for the same, and also constitutes the lower wall tothe mixture chamber' 21. The ledge casting 24 is provided with vertical ribs 24a which serve as guides to the lower end ofthe shell or sleeve 19. The inner .wall ofthe annular ledge 24 alines with the inner wall of the shell 19, and both thereof maybe.

said to form portions of the cylinder walls for the piston 6. In the ,lowerI end of the' trunk portion of the piston 6` is seated a .packing ring 25 which coperates with the shell or sleeve 19 for the control ofthe intake port 4,20.* This packing ring 25 1s preferably a split ring which, by its tension,

will hug the cylinder walls with which comes, in contact, including. the parts 19 and 24.

' It'has already been noted that the upperl parting 'Bange 13 of the casting 2' is located below the level of the exhaust port 9. The

purpose of se: locatinglthis a'nge 13 isv'to permit ,little water to be admitted 'to the "exhaus't'i'v'fehamfber at Vthis point from the overiow out-of the water jacket `space l2,

or other source, if this should be deemed de,

nasmuch as the.

sii-able for any purpose.- y ledge'l is below the level ofthe exhaust port 9, water, so admitted will not How byv gravity into the explosion cylinder, but will-l be carried out by' the exhaust either 'in the form of water or steam. 'It-will, of course,

be understood that the explosion cylinder will be fitted. with the customary sparking4 plug, and the water jacketl 12 with the cus-- tomary circulating pipes.

vHaving regard now to the' action of thc new'parts marked with the. numerals 19 to 25,- inclusive, 'it may first be hoted-'that the /mixtur'e'chest or chamber 21 completely encircles the shell orsle'eve 19,- and-that theintake port 20is --therefore also a complete circle, entirely surrounding the .trunk por:l

tion of the piston 6.' The positions 'of the,I4

upper abutlnent or stop shoulder23 and the lower abutment orledge24, relatii'e to the length of the shell 'or sleeve 19, are such as. to permit the limited movementof the shell or sleeve 194 with the'piston 6 required 1to1 secure the desired 'actionstherefroimV and packing ring 25 is so .located in .the r the trun 'of the piston 6 and is o f'such height ast'o coperate with thers'hell or sleeve 19 to close the intakeport 20 until after'the mix-` .ture compressed inthe chamber. 5 'has been transferred through the ports 14 and l15 to theexplosion cylinder 7. -The shell or sleeve 19 isofsuch length, with reference tothe stroke of the piston 6, that the packing ring 25 will coperate therewith to move the. same into its uppermost position and-hold itthere throughout substantially the whole l. of the pistons suction stroke, and will also Vcoperate with said shell toy move `the'same into its lowermost orntallke closed position and hold it there throughout substantially the whole travel 'of the -piston while com? pressing the mixture within the base com` pression chamber and, .at the same time,

maintain a tight jointbjetween thesaid parts.

Let it be assumed that a charge ex,-

plosive' mixture has previously been drawnl into' the crank shaft chamber 5 Aand has been compressed, to the degree required, by the movement of the piston 6 downward into its extreme position, as shown in Fig. 1. Then, on the upward'movement of the piston, the parts willbe brought into the position shown in -Fig. 2, at which time the transfer ports iso 14 and 15 will be in registration and Wide open so as to permit the transfer of the mixture therethrough. and .into the explosion -cylinder 7 and, during all this time and until the valve 16 is moved upward by the piston 6 far enough to vclose the transfer port 14, the intake port 20' to the crank shaft compression chamber 5 will be closed by the packing ring 25 and thelower'end portion of the trunk of the piston. After the transfer ports'14 and 15 have been closed by the valve 16, then, under the continued upward movement of the piston 6, the intake port Q0 will begin to open, and when the parts reach the position shown in Fig. 3, said intake port will be Wide open, thus permitting the mixture to flow freely from the chest or chamber 21 to the crank shaft compression chamber 5. The action of the packing ring 25 on the shell or sleeve 19 insures the movement of said 'shell or sleeve by the piston.

Whenever the shell 19 abuts against the shoulder 23, its upward movement is, of course, stopped, and thereafter the piston will move onnpward'through the said shell or sleeve 19 to the limit of the pistons travel, and, during this time, the shell or sleeve 19 will be held in its uppermost position by the vfrictional contact therewith of the packing ring E25 andthe trunk of the piston, thus keeping the intake port 20 open as long as there is any suction ,action produced within the chamber 5 by the upward movement of the piston 6. .Then as soon as the piston begins to move downward, under the'eiect of the explosion, it will carry with it the shell or sleeve 19 until the latter strikes the abutment ledge M and thereby closes the intake port 20; and then, thereafter, the piston will move on downward through the shell or sleeve 19 until the parts reach lthe position shown in Fig. 1, thus compressing the mixture within the crank shaft compression chamber 5 and the hollow piston 6, as required for making the next charge through the transfer ports 14 and 15nnder the control of the ring valve 16.` In this connection, it may be noted that almost instantly after the piston 6 beginsA to move downward, under the effect of the explosion, it will pick up the previously dropped valve 16 and carry the same therewith throughout the remainder of'its downward travel, thusl keeping the transfer port 14 of the piston closed throughout the major portion of thel pistons explosion stroke, and at all times when the transfer port 15 in the cylinder wall is not closed by the body of the piston itself. Hence, two things follow, to-wit, the exploded charge cannot blow back through the transfer ports into the crank shaft compression chamber, and thus there can be no back explosions in that chamber; and` secondly, as soon as the intake port 20 is closed by the shell. 19, under the` initial downward movement ofthe piston 6', the piston will begin to compress the mixture within the chamber 5.

From the-foregoing, it will be seen that no spring seated or gravity seated valve is required to be lifted 'either to get the mixture into the compression chamber 5 or to get the samey transferred through the ports 14 and 15 into the explosion cylinder 7. From this fact, and the further important fact that the available intake port 20 is so large, itmay be said that there is practically never any time when a vacuum continues in the chamber 5. Otherwise stated, just as fast as the piston 6 increases the volume of the crank shaft compression chamber, by its upward movement, afterthe transfer of the previous charge has taken place, this available volume will be instantly occupied by the mixture tiowing freely thereinto through the intakeport 20. It may, therefore, be truly said that all the displacement made by the piston 6 on its upward movement after the previously compressed charge has been transferred, through the ports 14 and 15, to the explosion cylinder` becomes available for drawing into the base compression chamber mixture for the next charge through the intake port 20. Still otherwise stated, the intake port 20 is open for a longer time than where spring seated or gravity seated valves are emploved, which must be lifted under the'suction action of the piston; and, because of this fact a full charge equal to the displacementfof the piston 6 becomes available without any'waste of power bythe engine. These advantages, in respect to the intake to the base compression chamber,

`taken together'with the advantages due to the large transfer ports14 and 15 controlled by the ring valve 16 fully set forth in lily previously filed case, enable me to Secure `a two-cycle engine which is highly eflicient. I can get an abundantly sufficient charge into the explosion cylinder when the engine is running at high speed. Put in still another' way, I get an engine having all the advantages of the `so-called three-ported twocycle engine without any of the disadvantages duel to the presence of the third port in that class of engines By actual usage, I have demonstrated that ring valves. like the valve 16, and seated in respect to the c vlinder and piston as there shown, will effectively do the work and be free from noise.

lVhat l claim i514- l. In a two-cycle explosive engine having a crank shaft compression chamber'` the combination with the cylinder and the piston. of a shell or .sleeve fitting hsaid piston and working in lsaid cylinder wim freedom t'or a liniilcd nu vement ol .said slccvc in respect-to said c vlindcr and ot' .said piston in respecty to said r-lrcvc. and which sleeve coperates with chest or chamber for tbe explosire mixture and which chest is ,opeiled to :tn-fl cut oliQ from said compression eliamlrfer by said sleeve as moved by said piston, substantially :is described 2. In a two-cycle explosive engine having* a crank shaft compression chamber, the combination with the eylxder of a trunk piston opening to saidco-Inpressioii chamber and zr shell or Sleeve fitting seid trunk piston :mtl working in said cylinder with freedom for 1.1i limited movement. of said sleeve in respect to said cylinder and of said piston in respect to said sleeve, und which sleeve cooperates with the Wall of said elxf'linder to allord a supply chest or chamber for the explosive mixture and which chest opened to and out titl from said eomitressifm member by seid sleeve moved by said piston, stel=stzf1ntall-v as described.

8. In :i two-cycle explosive engine lmvne :i crank shaft compression chamber. ille comination with the cylinder of a trunk piston opening to said compression chamber and :i shell or sleeve fitting Said trunk piston and working in said cylinder with freedom for e limited movement of said sleeve in respect 'to said cylinder and of said piston in respect to said sleeve` stops which determine. the travel of said sleeve, and which sleeve co operates' with the wall of said cylinder to afford a supply chest or chamber for 'the explosive mixture and which chest is opened to and out off from said compression chamber by said sleeve as moved by seid piston and limited by said stops, substantially as described` 4l. In a two-Cycle explosive engine having u, crank shaft compression chamber, the combination with the cylinder of e, trunk piston opening to said compression chamber, a shell or sleeve ,fitting said trunk piston :ind working in said cylinder with freedom for ft linimessen :ornement oic seid sleeve in respect to l cylinder and of seid piston in respectl to `id eleme, stop ledges on said cylinder 'which determine the travel of said sleeve, a packing ring` liti/ed to said piston adapted to Emre frictional engagement with the said sleeve for moving the sleeve with the piston within the limits determined by said stop ledges and which sleeve cooperate with the well of seid cylinder to afford a supply chestor clum'iber ilor the explosive mixture and which eliest is opened to and cut oli' from sind tf1-ink shaft compression chamber by said sleeve as moved by said piston, substantially :is described.

5. ln n, two-cycle explosive engine having a crank shaft compression chamber, the combination with the Cylinder of trunk piston separziing; the exiilosion chamber from said wenn, n chamber and opening to said compi; n clnzml'ier7 eoperiiting transfer k imrts in the walls of said cylinder and in the 5 sidte of said piston, a ring valve mounted on si "d piston :ind controlling said transfer ports under motion imparted thereto by said piston, :and u smell or sleeve fitting the trunk portion of said piston :1nd Working in said cylinder with freedom for a limited movement ot said sleeve in respect to said cylinder und of said piston in respect to said Sleeve, and which sleeve coperates With the Wall of said cylinder to ai'ord a supply chest or chamber for the explosive mixture and xrliicb chest is opened to and cut oil' from seid compression chamber by said sleeve as moved by said piston, substantially as described,

ln testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

ELLIS J. W'OOLF.

il I

lVitnesses l-l. D. KlLooim,

E. HONEY. 

